A lathe machine is a machine tool which rotates the workpiece on its axis to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or deformation with tools that are applied to the workpiece to create an object which has symmetry about an axis of rotation.

       The lathe machine is an ancient tool, dating at least to ancient Egypt and known and used in Assyria, ancient Greece, and the Roman and Byzantine Empires.

        The origin of turning dates to around 1300 BC when the Egyptians first developed a two-person lathe. One person would turn the wood work piece with a rope while the other used a sharp tool to cut shapes in the wood. The Romans improved the Egyptian design with the addition of a turning bow. Early bow lathes were also developed and used in Germany, France and Britain. In the Middle Ages a pedal replaced hand-operated turning, freeing both the craftsman's hands to hold the woodturning tools. The pedal was usually connected to a pole, often a straight-grained sapling. The system today is called the "spring pole" lathe. Spring pole lathes were in common use into the early 20th century. A two-person lathe, called a "great lathe", allowed a piece to turn continuously (like today's power lathes). A master would cut the wood while an apprentice turned the crank.

The PVC ceiling panel items are low maintenance building materials typically used on the ceilings in a house to add beauty and elegance or to cover uneven surfaces.

One benefit of installing a suspended ceiling, is the ease of panel removal to replace them in case of damage, such as water damage, or to access pipes. Sometimes maybe an overflowing bathtub or an exploding pot of spaghetti sauce has damaged some ceiling tiles beyond repair. The followings are the tips of installing the PVC ceiling panel on your own.

Tips for installing:

1. Measure the length and width of the ceiling to get the total square footage which will determine how many pieces will be necessary for installation.
2. Line the first piece up to the ceiling beginning in any corner of the room.
3. Insert staples all over the panel to secure it to the ceiling.
4. Apply silicone caulk to the ceiling where the second panel will go and slide it into the first panel.
5. Cut the panel to size if necessary with a hack saw.

Tips for replacing:

1. Press up on the tile to pop it out of the track. Lift up the tile and tilt it at an angle as needed to remove it.
2. If the tile is less than full size, use the damaged tile to cut the replacement tile to size.
3. Then you can follow the installing tips above to install the new panels.

       The valve monitor device is widely applied in chemical industry manufacturing process or operated under the vacuum circumstances. It is a very significant equipment. Once the valve monitor encounters a breakdown, the toxic gas/vapor inside machine will leak out, leading the operating staff inhaling the hazardous components.

       The valve monitor is mainly used in the flow control procedure. The flow control is a chemical procedure which can combine many chemicals. And the purpose of valve monitor is to control the flow. In recent years, flow control has become a highly-concerned subject in many aspects including theoretical, computational and experimental fluid dynamics, acoustics, control theory, physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics.

       In the territory of chemical engineering, based on new mixing control technologies, flow control could mean the control of mixing in order to obtain highly efficient and controlled chemical reactions and development of chemical reactors.

The metal sheath and solid filling of mineral-insulated cable (MI cable) makes it mechanically robust and resistant to impact; an MI cable may be struck repeatedly with a hammer and still provide adequate insulation resistance for a circuit [2]. Copper sheathing is waterproof and resistant to ultraviolet light and many corrosive elements. MI cable is approved by electrical codes for use in areas with hazardous concentrations of flammable gas in air; an MI cable will not allow propagation of an explosion inside the copper tube, and the cable is unlikely to initiate an explosion even during circuit fault conditions. Metal sheathing will not contribute fuel or hazardous combustion products to a fire, and cannot propagate a fire along a cable tray or within a building. The insulated cable is inherently fire-rated without additional coatings, and will survive designated fire tests representative of actual fire conditions longer than the enclosing structure.

People usually think that the really important parts for the vehicles are the engine, GPS, steering system and pay for maintenance of these equipment. However, the part really does effect the operation directly might be the automotive wire, the device used to be the connection and transfer signal. 

Why the automotive wire could effect the operation? For example, you may have a perfect steering system with ABS, but can you image what would happen if the signal transmission is dead and the vehicle has no reaction for your control? Or, if the lighting does now work well at night, you have a ignition system in great condition, but can you drive without lighting? 

Therefore, for prevent these situations to endanger the safety of driving; besides the main system, maybe you should tell the repairman to pay more attention on the status of auto wiring parts as well.